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Introduction: Relapse is an important problem in recovery from alcohol dependence. A Significant number of patients getting treated relapse back to alcohol dependence. Among the numerous factors determining relapse, personality traits of the individual play a significant role. Objectives: The present study attempted at the evaluation of the personality profile of alcohol relapse patients, to find out whether certain traits occur more frequently in them and to correlate them with socio-demographic variables. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, hospital-based, case-control study conducted at the Institute of Mental Health, Chennai. The study involved 30 cases and an equal number of controls. A minimum period of one month of abstinence from alcohol after treatment was used as inclusion criteria and each case was matched with a control with regard to the duration of relapse. We used 16PF personality questionnaire for assessment. Results: There was no significant difference in the socio-demographic profile of the two groups. A history of alcohol dependence in family members was found to be statistically significant among cases when compared with controls. In the domains of rule consciousness, social boldness, perfectionism, dominance, vigilance, and tension, a statistically significant difference was noted between cases and controls. Conclusion: Overall the findings suggest a certain degree of association between some personality traits and alcohol relapse. Along with prospective studies, it might help in planning interventional strategies in future.