The Role of Direct and Indirect Exposure in Shaping Students’ Attitudes Towards LGBT+ Individuals

Background: Attitudes towards LGBT+ individuals are critical to promoting inclusivity in society. Understanding the impact of gender and exposure on these attitudes can provide valuable insights for society and educational institutions. Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the attitudes of university students towards LGBT+ people, highlighting gender differences and the impact of both direct and indirect exposure. Method: A total sample of 80 university students (40 males, 40 females) participated in the study. Participants completed the Homosexuality Attitude Scale (HAS) to assess their attitudes toward LGBT+ individuals. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA to examine the main effects of gender and exposure type, as well as their interaction. Results: The analysis revealed that gender had no significant effect on attitudes towards LGBT+ individuals F (1, 76) = 0.172, p = 0.679, indicating no significant statistical difference between males and females. In contrast, the type of exposure had a significant effect F (1, 76) = 4.247, p = 0.043, indicating that direct exposure led to more positive attitudes. However, the interaction effect between gender and exposure type was not statistically significant. F (1, 76) = 2.684, p = 0.106. Conclusion: The results suggest that while gender does not play a significant role in shaping attitudes towards LGBT+ individuals, direct exposure does have a positive impact. Educational strategies that enhance direct exposure may be beneficial in promoting more positive attitudes among students.