Behavioral Modification Training among children with Intellectual Disability: A Case Report

Background: Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficiency in intellectual, adaptive functioning and have onset during the developmental period. India has a prevalence of 10.5/1000 in ID. Children with ID engage in difficult behaviors such as temper tantrums, hyperactivity, rebellious, anti-social, fear, repetitive behavior, odd behavior, misbehavior with others and also self-injurious behavior (SIB), making parents very anxious about the modification of these problematic behavior in children with intellectual disabilities. Aim: The present study examined the effectiveness of behavioral modification training among children with intellectual disability. Method: A single case study method was adopted wherein after conducting the baseline assessments and clinical interview, the patient was diagnosed with Intellectual Disability as per ICD-10. The Behavioral Assessment Scale for Indian Children with Mental Retardation (BASIC-MR) was used to measure the behavioral issues of the patient. Thereafter, behavior modification training as a treatment modality was provided to the patient and subsequently, pre-post analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the training. Results: The results indicated significant improvement in the behavioral issues as measured by BASIC-MR in the patient indicating the effectiveness of behavioral modification training in treating the problematic behaviors among patient with intellectual disability. Conclusion: Behavioral Modification Training was observed to be effective in the treatment of problematic behaviors among patient with Intellectual Disability.