A Comparative Study of Preoperative and Postoperative Psychological States in Surgical Patients

Surgical procedures, whether elective or emergency, are often accompanied by significant psychological responses in patients. This study aims to comparatively assess the psychological states of patients in the preoperative and postoperative periods, examining variations in anxiety, depression, stress, and emotional well- being. A sample of surgical patients from a tertiary care hospital was evaluated using standardized psychological assessment tools at two intervals: one day before surgery and five to six days following the procedure. The findings indicate a marked increase in anxiety and stress levels during the preoperative period, with notable improvements in psychological well-being observed postoperatively, especially among patients with uncomplicated recoveries. However, patients experiencing postoperative complications exhibited sustained or heightened psychological distress. This research highlights the critical importance of integrated psychological support in surgical care, recommending routine mental health assessments and tailored interventions throughout the surgical timeline to promote better patient outcomes.