A Systematic Review of Attachment Pattern in Indian Studies: Exploring the Effects of Cultural Risks and Resources

The combination of evolutionary and attachment theories have supplemented the explanations for the variations in attachment styles in different cultures. These theories attribute the cause of such differences to the presence of risks and resources in these cultures; accordingly, cultures with low risks and more resources tend to have a higher prevalence of secure attachment. The objective of this systematic review was to explore the variations in attachment patterns in Indian studies. Scopus and Sodhganga databases were used to select the studies. The content analysis of these studies was carried out. The findings support the normative hypothesis; that is, the secure attachment was found more prevalent than the insecure attachment. The results suggest that most of the studies on attachment consisted of adolescents and adult samples belonging to the middle-income group, and it reveals a gap in attachment literature of this region for older populations and those below the poverty line. This review contributes to the debates and discussions on the evolutionary theorizations of attachment patterns.