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Original Study
| Published: September 15, 2023
Childhood Experiences, Recent Traumatic Experiences and Meta-cognition as Correlates and Predictors of Passive-aggressive Behaviour among Clinical Psychology Trainees of India
PsyD (Clinical Psychology) Scholar, Amity Institute of Behavioural (Health) and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida Google Scholar More about the auther
Professor, Amity Institute of Behavioural (Health) and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida Google Scholar More about the auther
Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Behavioural (Health) and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida Google Scholar More about the auther
DIP: 18.01.330.20231103
DOI: 10.25215/1103.330
ABSTRACT
Background: Passive-aggressive behaviour, categorised as an immature defense mechanism, has long been studied in researches related to workplace, due to its negative impact on overall work environment and work productivity. It has been defined as a pattern of passive hostility and an avoidance of direct communication (Schanz, et. al., 2021), and is divided into two types as per research: others-directed, and self-directed. The development of such defense systems is often influenced by traumatic or negative experiences in childhood, recent daily stressful events considered as traumatic, and is often regulated by benevolent experiences in childhood and development of adaptive meta-cognitive abilities or functions. This study focuses on clinical psychology trainees, who are dealing with individuals experiencing mental health issues and illnesses. They undergo rigorous and demanding training course which requires them to constantly shift roles: as a student, a researcher, or a therapist; this causes high amounts to stress in them often considered as traumatic in nature. Thus, engaged in mental health care profession, it is important to study the above-mentioned factors in the development, maintenance or regulation of passive-aggressive behavior. Method: Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used to select a total of 107 participants from various RCI recognized institutions across India conducting MPhil, PsyD and PD in Clinical Psychology courses across India. Results: Correlation and multiple regression analysis revealed a significant positive correlations and significant predictions between childhood traumatic experiences and recent traumatic experiences with passive aggressive behaviour. Meta-cognition and Benevolent childhood experiences revealed significant negative correlation with passive aggressive behaviour. Gender differences analyzed via Mann Whitney U rank sum test revealed that Male trainees engaged in passive-aggressive behaviour, especially self-directed passive aggressive behaviour more significantly than female trainees. Conclusions: The use of passive-aggressive behaviour was more significantly prevalent in the male clinical psychology trainees than female trainees; and both childhood and recent traumatic experiences were found to be positively influencing the same, and benevolent childhood experiences and meta-cognitive functions were found to be regulating the behaviour.
Keywords
Passive-Aggressive Behaviour, Meta-Cognition, Childhood Traumatic Experiences, Childhood Positive Experiences, Recent Traumatic Events, Clinical Psychology Trainees
This is an Open Access Research distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any Medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
© 2023, Basu, D., Singh, D.C. & Das, S.
Received: August 31, 2023; Revision Received: September 11, 2023; Accepted: September 15, 2023
Article Overview
ISSN 2348-5396
ISSN 2349-3429
18.01.330.20231103
10.25215/1103.330
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Published in Volume 11, Issue 3, July-September, 2023