Screen Time and Its Impact on Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

The rapid growth of technology has increased young children’s exposure to electronic screens such as smartphones, tablets, and televisions, making digital media a common part of their daily routines. While these devices offer entertainment and learning opportunities, concerns exist about their impact on early childhood cognitive development, including attention, memory, language, and problem-solving skills. This study aimed to examine the relationship between screen time behaviour and cognitive development by identifying usage patterns and their association with developmental outcomes. A quantitative research design was used, involving 101 parents who completed the Screen Time Behaviour Checklist and the 5–15R Questionnaire for Evaluation of Development and Behaviour (Parent Version). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Findings revealed that children frequently use screens, mainly for entertainment, and showed a moderate relationship between screen behaviour and certain cognitive indicators, particularly attention and learning engagement, with some children experiencing minor attention difficulties. However, screen time alone was not found to determine developmental outcomes, as factors such as parental supervision, type of content, and balance with real-life interactions play an important role. The study highlights the need for balanced and responsible screen use to support healthy cognitive development in children.