Excessive Screen Time in Children: A Review of Causes, Effects and Preventive Strategies

Screens have become a crucial part of children’s life in this digital age, it is continuously changing the way of learning, socialization and connection to the world. This paper aims to identify the problem of increasing screen time and digital dependence in children, in which we have tried to identify its root causes, social and developmental effects and possible solutions. Initial unmonitored use of electronic gadgets, lack of outdoor sports, changing family structures and algorithm dependent digital platforms are responsible for the increasing screen time in children. Many researches shows that high screen time in children can cause many developmental problems like delayed language development, impaired cognitive and social skills, sleep disturbance and emotional instability. According to WHO (World health organization) and IAP (Indian Academy of Paediatrics), most of the children spends more than the recommended time on digital screen, and this problem has increased during and after the COVID-19. This study highlights mindful parenting, co-viewing and structured digital lifestyle as key strategies for a balanced use of technology. Additionally, it also points the importance of family bonding, outdoor play and digital literacy programs in schools. In the end this study emphasize that in this age of distraction, the cognitive and emotional development of children is only possible with the collective efforts of parents, teachers and society.